Chapter 10 Infectious Diseases

Infectious Diseases    

1 MCQ: Tuberculosis (TB) is an example of

A.     pandemic

B.     prodemic

C.    endemic

D.    epidemic

2 MCQ: People who are infected with .....are likely to live their whole life

A.     Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

B.     HIV

C.    lungs cancer

D.    All of above

3 MCQ: Vancomycin is

A.     an infectious disease

B.     is a virus

C.    is an antibiotic

D.    is an antiviral

4 MCQ: Oral rehydration therapy largely consists of water and

A.     sodium ions

B.    glucose

C.    potassium magnate solution

D.    All of above

5 MCQ: Annual worldwide incidence of cholera is

A.     1-2 million

B.     1-3 million

C.    1-5 million

D.    3 -5 million

6 MCQ: Which statement is incorrect? Effective antibiotics

A.     show selective toxicity

B.    kill host cell

C.    kill pathogens

D.    are useless against virus

7 MCQ: Childhood blindness can be caused due to

A.     Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS)

B.     malaria

C.    measles

D.    tuberculosis

8 MCQ: Rice water is clinical name of

A.     diarrhea

B.     measles

C.    Chronic Bronchitis

D.    Emphysema

9 MCQ: Drug is ionized for treatment of

A.     Cholera

B.    Tuberculosis (TB)

C.    measles

D.    malaria

10 MCQ: Which strain is more virulent?

A.     Classical strain

B.     El Tor

C.    V Cholerae 0139

D.    All of above

11 MCQ: Total pandemics have been caused by Cholera virus

A.     5

B.     6

C.    7

D.    8

12 MCQ: Pathogen for Measles is known as

A.     Variola Virus

B.     Vibrio Cholerae

C.    Plasmodium

D.    Morbillivirus

13 MCQ: Infectious diseases include

A.     malnutrition

B.     cystic fibrosis

C.    Retinoblastoma

D.    Tuberculosis

14 MCQ: Variola virus has been known to cause

A.     malaria

B.     measles

C.    smallpox

D.    chickenpox

15 MCQ: Causes of cholera do not include

A.     poor sanitation

B.     unclean water

C.    genetic disorder

D.    infectious pathogens

16 MCQ: A sudden increase in number of people having disease is called as

A.     pandemic

B.     prodemic

C.    endemic

D.    epidemic

17 MCQ: Toxin choleragen causes

A.     increase in pulmonary constrictions

B.    salt and water leave blood

C.    stomach lining gets disrupted

D.    an increase in salt and water

18 MCQ: Bacteria are known to cause

A.     Cholera

B.     Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS)

C.    malaria

D.    measles

19 MCQ: Incubation period of Vibrio cholerae has duration of

A.     few hours to four days

B.    two hours to five days

C.    two hours to fifteen days

D.    None of above

20 MCQ: Pathogens

A.     are plant diseases

B.     are not animal diseases

C.    cause infectious diseases

D.    are known to cause carcinogens

21 MCQ: Always present known disease is

A.     pandemic

B.     prodemic

C.    endemic

D.    epidemic

22 MCQ: Action site of cholera virus is

A.     small intestine

B.     large intestine

C.    faeces of infected person

D.    stomach

23 MCQ: Cholera can be fatal if it is not treated within

A.     12 hours

B.    24 hours

C.    36 hours

D.    48 hours

24 MCQ: Transmission cycle of cholera can be broken by

A.     treating with medications

B.     by destroying small intestine lining were cholera virus grows

C.    by boiling all vegetables and fruits before consuming

D.    chlorination of water

25 MCQ: Long term degenerative diseases are including

A.     Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)

B.     malnutrition

C.    mental diseases

D.    sickle cell anemia

26 MCQ: Protoctist are known to cause

A.     Cholera

B.     Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS)

C.    malaria

D.    measles

27 MCQ: Number of people who have disease at any one time is refer to as

A.     Incidence

B.     Coincidence

C.    Transmission cycle

D.    Prevalence

28 MCQ: Vibrio cholerae bacterium can not survive if the

A.     pH is below 4.5

B.     pH is between 4.5 and 7

C.    pH is between 7 and 11

D.    pH is above 11

29 MCQ: Bacterial and fungal infections

A.     are non-infectious diseases

B.    can be cured by antibiotics

C.    need to be helped through transmission cycle

D.    None of above

30 MCQ: Vaccination is a major control measure for

A.     infectious diseases

B.     genetic diseases

C.    long term degenerative diseases

D.    deficiency diseases

31 MCQ: Function of Penicillinases is to

A.     act as narrow spectrum antibiotic.

B.     act as broad spectrum antibiotic.

C.    resist and destroy penicillin.

D.    destroy cross-links of peptidoglycan polymers in bacterial cell wall.

32 MCQ: Almost unknown disease in developed countries is

A.     malaria

B.    measles

C.    smallpox

D.    chickenpox

33 MCQ: A rapid increase in cases around world is called

A.     pandemic

B.     prodemic

C.    endemic

D.    epidemic

34 MCQ: In India, El Tor strain of cholera replaced classical strain in a time period of

A.     2 to 14 days

B.     6 months

C.    12 months

D.    24 months

Answer D

35 MCQ: In Cholera, body can be rehydrated

A.     intravenously

B.     orally

C.    Both A and B

D.    None of above

Answer C

36 MCQ: Viruses do not cause

A.     Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS)

B.     small pox

C.    measles

D.    malaria

Answer D

37 MCQ: El Tor strain has been replaced by

A.     V Cholerae 0142

B.     V Cholerae 0149

C.    V Cholerae 0139

D.    V Cholerae 0134

Answer C

38 MCQ: Bacteria are known to cause

A.     Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS)

B.     malaria

C.    measles

D.    tuberculosis

E.      

39 MCQ: Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) is

A.     an infectious disease

B.     is a virus

C.    is an antibiotic

D.    is an antiviral

Answer A

40 MCQ: People who are affected by an infection are called

A.     translocators

B.     pathogens

C.    phagocytic individuals

D.    carriers

41 MCQ: Which diseases can be transmitted from infected to uninfected people?

       A   cholera and malaria
       B   lung cancer and tuberculosis
       C   measles and sickle cell anaemia
       D   sickle cell anaemia and smallpox

42 MCQ: Which row matches pathogens with the diseases they cause?

A

43 MCQ: How are the diseases cholera, malaria, TB and HIV/AIDS transmitted?

D

44 MCQ: Which treatment would not help villagers control the spread of malaria?

A  draining nearby marshes and covering water surfaces with oil
B  stocking ponds and ditches with fish that eat insect larvae
C  sleeping under nets treated with insecticide
D   taking preventative drugs to which Plasmodium has developed resistance

45 MCQ: Which measure would help control the spread of TB?

A  preventing overcrowded conditions
 B  provision of clean water
 C sewage treatment
 D use of insecticides

46 MCQ: Which statements describe the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from an infected to an uninfected person? 

 1   It is transmitted by a vector.
   2   It is transmitted by intimate human contact.
   3   It is transmitted by sharing intravenous injection needles.
   4   It is transmitted across the placenta from mother to fetus.
         A   1, 2, 3 and 4
         B   2, 3 and 4 only
         C   1 and 3 only
         D   3 and 4 only

47 MCQ: Which statements explain why injections of vaccine may not provide protection against Vibrio cholerae?

  1   V. cholerae bacteria infect the intestine.
  2   The toxin produced by V. cholerae acts within the intestine.
  3   A vaccine providing protection against one strain of V. cholerae may not provide protection against another strain.
      A  1, 2 and 3
      B  1 and 2 only
      C  2 and 3 only
      D  3 only


48 MCQ: What explains why measles is not treated with an antibiotic? 
    A   The pathogen causing measles can break down the antibiotic.
    B   The pathogen causing measles has become resistant to the antibiotic.
    C   The pathogen causing measles has no cellular structure.
    D   The pathogen causing measles is too large to be affected by an antibiotic.

MCQ: The malarial parasite must enter a red blood cell to divide and multiply. To enter, the parasite binds to a protein called basigin on the cell surface membrane of the red blood cell. What could prevent the parasite from entering a red blood cell? 

   A   an antibiotic that inhibits the synthesis of bacterial cell walls
   B   an antiviral drug that prevents the parasite from multiplying
   C  a molecule which binds to basigin and blocks its binding site
   D   a molecule which binds to the cell surface membranes of mosquito cells

49 MCQ:  Non-infectious  diseases are best defined as:
   A  diseases caused by malnutrition
   B  all diseases of old age
   C  all diseases that are not caused by a pathogen
   D  all diseases that can be transmitted  from mother  to child

50 MCQ:  An antibiotic    sensitivity   test  was  carried   out  on  bacteria isolated   from  a patient   with  a blood   disease.  Four antibiotics  were  tested,   A,  B, C  and  D.  The  results  are shown   in  the  figure.

Which   antibiotic    should   be chosen   to  treat  the  blood disease?

51 MCQ:  Which   of the  following   diseases  is transmitted   by an  insect  vector?
   A   cholera
   B   HIV/AIDS
   C   malaria
   D  TB

52  Rearrange the order of the following statements to give a flow diagram showing the evolution of resistance
to the antibiotic streptomycin by the bacterium Escherichia coli.

1 Most of the population of E. coli is resistant to streptomycin.
2 A mutation in a DNA triplet of a plasmid, changing TTT to TTG, gives an E. coli bacterium resistance
to streptomycin.
3 The resistant bacterium divides and passes copies of the plasmid to its off spring.
4 Sensitive bacteria die in the presence of streptomycin as a selective agent.
5 The frequency of the mutated gene in the population increases.
6 The resistant bacterium has a selective advantage and survives.

53    a ) State  three   ways  in which   HIV   is transmitted.  .                                                                                                 [3]

         The  table  shows  statistics   for  four  regions of the  world   and  the  global  totals  for                       HIV/AIDS   in 2010.

 b Suggest  three sources of data that UNAIDS may use  to compile  the  data  in  the  table. [3]
   c Explain why it is important to collect the data on the HIV/AIDS pandemic shown in the table [3]
   d  i  For  North   America,   the  ratio  of the  number    of people   dying   from  AIDS   to  the                   number    of people   living with  HIV   in 2010  was 20000:1.3  million or  0.015: 1.
          Calculate   the  ratio  for  sub-Saharan    Africa.                                                                [1]
       ii Suggest  reasons  for  the  difference between the  ratios  for  North America and  sub-Saharan                Africa.                                                                                               [3]
                                                                                                                                   [Total:  13]

54   a  Describe   how  malaria   is transmitted.

         The figure  shows  the  global  distribution of malaria   in  2010.

 b   Describe   and  explain   the  global  distribution  of malaria.                                       [5]
    c  Outline the  biological reasons for the difficulties in developing and  introducing control                      methods for malaria.                                                                       [6]

                                                                                                                            [Total:  14]

55    a    Describe   how  cholera   is transmitted.                                              [2] The  table  shows  the  number    of cases  of cholera   and  deaths   from  the  disease  for  the             five countries   with   the  greatest outbreaks as reported to the  WHO in  2010.  b    With   reference   to  the  table:

         i  calculate   the  case fatality   rate  for  Haiti   in  2010                                                       [1]

         ii  suggest  why  the  case fatality   rate  varies  between   countries                      [3]

         iii explain why  it is important     that  the  WHO collects  data  on  outbreaks  of cholera.  [3]

    c    The  WHO    also  collects   data  on  'imported'     cases of cholera.   Among   countries                        reporting    these  cases in 2010 were  Australia,   Malaysia   and  the  USA.

        i   Suggest  what  is meant   by the  term   'imported     case'.                                 [1]

        ii  Explain   why  there  are  no  epidemics    of cholera   in highly   economically   developed                   countries    such  as Australia   and  the  USA.                                                 [2]

[Total:   12]

56    a    i  Name   the  causative   organism    of TB.                                                         [1] 

            ii Explain   how  TB  is transmitted.                                                                     [2] 

     b     i  State  the  regions   of the  world   with   the  highest   number    of cases of TB. [3]

           ii Suggest reasons for the high number of cases of TB in some parts of the world.  [4]

[Total:   10]